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History of Six Sigma

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  • History of Six Sigma

 

Walter A. Shewhart

  • Shewhart’s complete write-up.
  • ‘Father’ of Statistical Quality Control – used statistics to make material improvements in processes.
  • Invented Plan-Do-Study-Act as a design approach
  • Theory about statistical control methods
  • Reduce variation to improve quality
  • Special variation vs. Common cause variation
  • Invented control charts
   

Joseph Juran

  • Juran’s complete write-up.
  • Six Sigma/quality projects must be “breakthrough” in nature.
  • Believed that anyone is a customer of a product or service if that person is affected by it.
  • Juran’s Quality Trilogy.
    • Quality Planning
    • Quality Control
    • Quality Improvements
  • Quality cost measurement
  • Pareto analysis
  • Managing for Quality theory
  • “It is most important that top management be quality-minded. In the absence of sincere manifestation of interest at the top, little will happen below.”
   

W. Edwards Deming

  • Deming’s complete write-up.
  • Studied under Shewhart.
  • Taught Statistical Methods during WWII
  • Famous in Japan
  • Brought the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle into widespread usage.
  • Maintained that senior management involvement was critical to a quality movement.
    • 7 Deadly diseases of management.
    • 14 Obligations of Top Management
  • Concentrated on improving the system.
  • Chain Reaction of Quality:
    • “Improve Quality, Decrease Costs, Improve Productivity, Capture the market with better Quality and price, Stay in business, and Provide Jobs”
  • Constancy of purpose.
   

Kaoru Ishikawa

  • Ishikawa’s complete write up.
  • Father of Japanese Quality
  • Fishbone diagram (aka 4M/5M or cause and effect diagram)
  • Invented CWQC – Company Wide Quality Control
  • Sponsored the concept of “next operation (process step) as the client” to avoid workplace politics.
  • TQM– Fiegenbaum and Ishikawa (1980s)
   

Genichi Taguchi

  • Taguchi’s write-up.
  • Taguchi Loss Function
    • Quality is related to the financial loss to society caused by a product during its life cycle.
  • Taguchi Robust Design
  • Developed a product quality system that introduced quality in the conceptual phase, brought it through the design phase, and eventually into manufacturing operations.
   

Philip B. Crosby

  • 14 Step approach to Quality Improvements
  • 4 Absolutes of Quality Management
    1. Quality is conformance to requirements.
    2. Quality comes from prevention.
    3. Quality performance standard is zero defects.
    4. Quality measurement is the price of non-conformance.
  • Created quality cost measurements
   

Armand V. Feigenbaum

  • Stated that a quality professional has an opportunity to become a true businessman.
  • Advocated for top management involvement in quality initiatives.
  • Established the concept of Total Quality Control & Management (TQM)
    • Fiegenbaum and Ishikawa (1980s)
   

Motorola’s Mikel Harry

  • Bill Smith
    • First introduced the term Six Sigma
    • Convinced Motorola CEO Robert W Galvin to adopt Six Sigma
  • Mikel Harry
    • Considered the main architect of Six Sigma
    • Along with Bill Smith, developed MAIC that evolved into DMAIC
  • Robert Galvin
    • CEO of Motorola
    • The 1st CEO to understand the need to control variation
   
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